Line-for-line recorder



Jan. 29, 1946. KEINATH 2,393,639

LINE-FOR-LINE RECORDER I Filed March 23, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l GK Til-021044 LA/Y away-021044 -N.Yc

INVENTOR.

Gearye Kez'imifi.

Filed March 23, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

m d .n a M m e 6 a Jan. 29, 1946. a. KEINATH LINE-FOR-LINE RECORDER Filed March 23, 1944 s Sheets-Sheet 3 uvvmrpn Gemye Kez'rzaM.

gnu m grl LTIK H a 7m Patented Jan. 2a, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT omcs blipllmtionmalm SerialNe. 527,"!

My invention a related to that of the comicing application Serial No. 527,774, for Methods and means of recording indications, filed March 23, 1944, by George Keinath and Reinhard K. Hellmann, and concerns electric systems and apparatus for recording a group of letters, figures or other symbols indicative of relay positions, operating conditions, or other data.

It is a general object of my invention to provide means which permit a quick repeating of a recording operation of the whole group of symbols whenever one or several of'its individual symbols have been changed so that the repeated record represents the new status of the complete data conveyed by that group. Devices of this type are applicable for transmitting or recording the operative condition of relays or switches in power plants or distribution systems, indicating prices of stocks or commodities, reporting data concerning the operation or output of manufacturing plants, transmitting election returns, supervising the operation of railroads or operating conditions of public carriers in general, or recording the indication of billboards in flight centers, for example.

A more specific object of my invention is to provide such transmitter or recorder system of the .type referred to that affords an-increased operating speed as compared with the systems ratus for night centers are discumed in the iollowing, although it will be understood that the invention is likewise of advantage for other uses of the kind above mentioned. g In a flight center, messages fromairpianes in flight concerning flight conditions are continually received and orders to such planes are continually issued, and these data are manually transferred to a large billboard, each line of the board ,representing the data for one airplane at a certain time, such as altitude, speed, location or time of arrival. Each line is composed of numerous symbols, for instance, up to 32 letters and figures. Whenever a change occurs in such a about 5 lettersper second so that about all seeonds are needed for recording each changed line. This is rather slow in cases where the-indications change in rapid succession. Hence, it is aimed by the present invention at reducing the operating time, for instance, to as little as about one second. It is another object of my invention to provide afast-operating recording system of the type above-referred to that permits transmitting the record to one or many remote receivers.

Still another object of the invention is to design a line-for-line recording system whose record is condensed to minimum space so that a very large number of notations can be stored in extremely little filing space, this being especially favorable in cases where the record is needed only for occasional reference purposes.

' In order to achieve these ends, and in accordance with a feature of the invention, I provide an image-producing recorder capable of recording an image of a complete group or line of data line of data.

According to another feature of the invention, the indications are transmitted to a tableau, small board or the like auxiliary device of the data line, the whole line is recorded on paper in order to have a permanent record. ,At present, this is to be recorded and each change in these data is reproduced on the auxiliary device, whereafter each changed line of the device is recorded by .the image producing recorder. Due to the fact. 1

Figure 1 represents a circuit diagram of the. electric control connections of a recording system according to the invention together with an appertaining photo-electric indicating device, the latter being'shown in a partly sectional view.

Fig; 2 is a partly sectional front view. of the same indicating device;

Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a detail of the control circuits shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 represents, by a partial view, a modmd form of an indicating device of a system otherdone with tele-typewriters which have a speed of wise similar to that of Figs. 1 and'2:

' a rotary base member 4 provided with a photocell i. A lens 8 is mounted, in front of the light responsive surface electrode of the cell 5, on a holder 1 attached to the base member 4 in order to focus the cell onto a scanning point. The

base member 4 and the photo-electric scanning devices are axially displaceable relative to theshaft 3 but prevented by a feather I from relative rotation. A worm 9 on shaft 3, meshing with a gear l0, rotates a cam ll once for each given number of revolutions, for instance ten, of the shaft 3. The shaft of cam II is journalled in the frame portion 2.

13 to the base plate I, engages with its end H a groove of the base member 4 and has a lateral arm I! provided with a roller which engages the cam Ii under bias by an extension spring II. The curve of cam II is spiral shaped so that the cam radius changes'in proportion to the angle of rotation. As a result, the lever i2 and the base member 4 are axially displaced at a uniform speed during a cycle of ten rotations of the motor shaft, Thereafter, the base member drops back into its initial position to be ready for a new cycle of motion.

An insulating holder I! mounted on the base plate I carries two brush contacts I! and I! which engage corresponding slip rings of the base member 4 for connecting the photocell I with th input terminals of an amplifier A. The slip rings are of sunlcient axial width to maintain the electric connection during the entire cycle of axial motion.

A limit switch L8 is mounted on the frame portion 2. The movable contact 2| of this switch is biased by a spring 2| toward a stop 22 and engages another movable switch contact 28. Contact 23 is linked to the lever 12 by a rod- 24 so that the contact engagement is opened only at the beginning of a cycle of axial motion when the contact rests against the stop 22 but is closed immediately after a cycle has been started and remains closed until the cycle is completed.

A number of symbol-carrying indicator members, hereinafter called "symbol wheels are rotatably mounted on the base plate I. In the illustrated embodiment l2 symbol wheels are arranged in a circular group so that the plane of rotation of each extends radially with respect to the group. The peripheral cylindric wheel surfaces are each provided with a row of different symbols such as letters or figures and the like characters. Each wheel is controlled by an electromagnet 24 whose armature actuates a p wl 2'! for driving a ratchet gear 24 connected with the wheel 2!. The wheel shafts are mounted on arms 24 firmly attached to the frame structure ll of the magnet. An insulating body 8! connects the structure II to the base plate I. Each energizing impulse supplied to the magnet 28 causes the pawl to advance the symbol wheel 2| one step. Hence, any of the symbols of the wheel can be adjusted to a given position by trans- A' lever 12, pivoted at 2,ses,ese

mltting a corresponding number of impulses to the magnet.

The photocell 5 and lens 6 are covered by an opaque closure 3! which has a number of openings l! in alignment with one another and so positioned as to be in front of the respective symbols along the innermost periphery of the circular group of symbol wheels. when the photocell is rotated by the motor Ml, the scanning point travels first along the right-hand side of the openings 38 while being gradually displaced towards the left (with reference to the showing of Fig. 1) Consequently, the entire surface area of the ring of openings and the line of symbols appearing behind them are scanned during the cycle of the above-mentioned ten revolutions.

A facsimile recorder FR has its recording means electrically connected with the output terminals of. the amplifier A to be energized in accordance with the impulses issuing from the above-described scanning transmitter. Various types of facsimiles recorders, known for picture transmission, can be used for the purpose of the invention by adapting the transmitter to an intermittent line-for-line operation. In the illustrated example, such adaptation is achieved in the following manner. The member or drum II for accommodating a recording strip 4. of electrolytic paper is driven by a gear 4| meshing with a worm 42 which, in turn, is operated by an alternating current motor M2 to operate the strip transport in synchronism with the axial displacement of the photo-electric scanning device of the transmitter. In other words, the advance of the paper strip is to be simultaneous with and proportional to the axial motion of the scanning point. I

An endless flexible member 43, such as a' sprocket chain, is guided by two rollers or sprockets 44 and 45 and carries three stylii 4!. 44 and 45 spaced equally from each other so that one of them reaches the end of a line to be reproduced on the strip 40 while the next is about to start its travel over the strip. The shaft of roller 4! is driven by the motor M2 in synchronism with motor MI and the rotary travel of the scanning point. Hence, the above-mentioned ten rotations of the scanning point correspond to ten individual passages of the stylii across strip 44. The stylus arrangement and the drum I. are electrically connected to the output terminals of the amplifier A. As a result, the amplified impulses coming from the photocell, as it scans the circular line of symbols of the symbol wheels, are reproduced on the sheet 40 as a straight image of the same symbols.

While I have shown synchronous electrical drives, it will be understood that other synchronizing means may be used instead. For instance, the recorder FR may be mechanically connected to motor Ml so that a single motor suffices for actuating the system. An electrical synchroniz ation, however, is preferable in cases where a remote transmission to one or severalreoeivers is desired or when several scanning transmitters are used in connection with a single facsimile recorder.

An embodiment of electric circuit means for controlling the system according to Figs. 1 and 2 will now be described in detail.

According to Fig. 1, each electromagnet N of the indicating device is connected with the leads I and Y of a direct current circuit DC energized, for instance, from the above-mentinned alternating current line AC through a mother II. A set of keys is provided for the respective symbols of each symbol wheel. The keys may be arranged in alphabetic or numerical order and are interlocked so that when one is depressed the one previously depressed is released. Each key causes a number of impulses to be transmitted to the magnet 2!, thereby adlusting the appertaining wheel so as to place the symbol of the selected key behind the corresponding opening of the cover II. Since diiferent types of such impulses transmitting control means are well known for telephon and telegraph circuits. they are represented in Figure 1 schematically by a single switch-type key K. A more detailed showing, exemplifying a suitable type selector, is given in Fig. 3 which will now be referred to before continuing the description of the control circuits of Figure 1.

According to Fig. 3, a series of symbol selectorkeys Kl, K2, KI, etc., is connected with the respective contacts of a contact bank appertaining to a seiectorswitch 58. Each key, when inoperative, attaches the appertaining bank con tact to lead X of the direct current source and, when depressed, reverses the polarity of the contact by connecting it to lead Y. Key K! is shown in the latter condition. The shaft II of the slide contact ll of the just-mentioned bank is mechanically connected to a drive motor Ml which is electrically connected between the slider I and lead Y. Suppose key Kl had been depressed before key KI was placed into the illustrated position thereby returning key Kl into-the inoperative position, then the motor M! will be running in the direction indicated by an arrow because the slider ll, engaging th bank contact of key KI, is now connected between leads Y and x. When passing over the successive bank contacts of keys K2, K3 and Kl, the same motor connection is maintained so that the motor continues running until the slider ll engages the bank contact of key KI. In this moment, both poles of the motor M! are attached to lead Y and the motor is stopped and remains stopped until another key is depressed. Then, the motor is again operated in the same running direction until the slider 54 reaches the bank contact of the newly selected key.

The shaft It carries another slide contact II which is connected to lead Y and cooperates with a second bank of contacts. The contacts of this second bank are all series connected to the magnet 26 of the symbol wheel and designed to interruptthe circuit of magnet 2t eachtime the slider ll passes from one to the next bank contact. As a result, a number. of impulses is transmitted in accordance with the number, of

contact steps traversed by the slide contact ll so that the symbol wheel is adjusted substantially in synchronismwith the speed of motor m and in accordance with the selected symbol key. While this symbol adjusting device is shown mainly for completeness and as representing one of many available possibilities, a control of this general type has the advantage or a high operating speed, as compared, for instance, with dial switches.

Reverting now to-lig. 1, where the wheel adjusting control means are diagrammatically symbolised by the contact device K, another contact 8. for instance a push button, is located in the line of symbols. During the. short interval in which the push button 8 closes its contact, the coil I. of acontrol relay OR. is energized. It closes a self-sealing contact 51, thus I motors Ml and M2 continue their operation. After the completionoi' ten full turns, to revert to the above-chosen numerical example, lever II with follower ll drops back toward the starting position of cam ii and opens the limit switch LB so that both motors are stopped. .The motors remain then at rest until the push button contact S is again depressed.

Once the contact S has been actuated, its further actuation has no effect on the control operation as long as the motor Ml has not completed a full cycle of operation. Upon such completion, however, a renewed actuation of contact S will immediately start a new cycle. If desired, the contact 8 may be actuated in regular intervals of time or whenever a repetition of the last recording of a line is needed.

The above-described scanning device requires a brightness of the wheel symbols suilicient for thephotoelectric excitation of the cell 8. Therefore. a suitable illumination must be provided for.

I beam illuminates the symbol in registry with close to the selector controls K of the symbol;

for instance, black or white. In all other respects the apparatus is similar to that of Figures 1 and 2.

In the modification of the scanning device shown in Fig. 5, th photocell II and lens 18 are mountedon a cover 1'! and remain stationary during the scanning operation. A mirror ll serves to direct the scanning beam from the symbols to the cell. This mirror is pivoted about a shaft II which is secured to the base member 4 and extends transverse to the axis of rotation of the member I and its driving shaft I. A link. ll. biased by a spring ll toward engagement with the lever i2, imparts a reciprocatory'motion to the mirror I. in accordance with the cam controlled motion of the lever. As a result, the scanning point moves through a spiral path in the same nminer as explained with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. designed -s in Fig. 5.

The operating speed of the known facsimile recorders for transmitting pictures or complete sheets of newspapers or manuscripts is relatively slow due to the start-stop method used for synchronizing the receiver with the transmitter. Generally not more than two revolutions per secend are customary. In systems according to the invention, described above, 9. much greater speed is ap licable without diificulty because the receiver d1 rotates continuously throughout an peration and need not be accel- Ihe illuminating means may b described above and are not shown tions. time oi, for instance, about liiseconds icy each sy bol is ususo that li e for istance, 32 be traversed during a single revoluat 6 3 t ends at greetneeded for speeded up r l he only a The above-described cyst plicable for a remote transnl to one or several receivers. 6 shows a diagram of such an application. Two tra .s itters TM and T112, each containing an impulse ra s-- mltting scanning device having symbol wheels, a

towards a photographic recorder PR and has windows behind which the selected symbols appear.

The recorder PR consists of a camera 38 so located as to take a picture 01 a single complete line of symbols at a time. A photographic recording strip extend between two spools of which the one denoted by I M is connected to a transport mechanism. This mechanism has a ratchet gear I02 and a pawl I03 biased by a spring I04 and controlled by an electromagnet I05. When the magnet is energized, the pawl is lifted in opposition to the spring. Upon deenergization of the magnet, the spring I04 returns the pawl into its original position and thereby causes it to entrain the ratchet gear 502. In thi manner the strip I00 is advanced one step after the cessation of each control impulse supplied to the magnet.

in illuminating device i516 such as a gaseous discharge lamp or sparl: up is provided for illumine-ting the line of symbols by a timed flash of short duration.

control switch S with two contacts I01 and $03 is arranged near the keys K or the wheel adjusting control means and may consist of a push photocell a motor MI for rotating and reciprocating the scanning point as explained in conjunction with the foregoing embodiments, are connected to an amplifier A whose output current is transmitted to one or several facsimile recorders such as those denoted by FRI and PR2. Each recorder has a drive motor M2 synchronized with the transmitter motors MI and moves a recorder drum 8E and a stylus 88 relative to each other so as to produce a spiral motion similar to that of the scanning point in the transmitter. A cam disc of the type shown in Figs. 2 and may be used for this purpose. by a recording sheet. The receiver operation is similar to that of the receivers known for picture transmission. The transmitters TRI and TRI are interlocked so that only one can operate at a time. When in operation, the same records are produced simultaneously in both receivers FBI and FR2.

While the embodiments so far described involve a photoelectric method, other image producing methods are also applicable for the purpose of the invention. For instance, a contact brush driven in substantially the same manner as the photoelectric devices mentioned in the foregoing may be used for scanning conductive symbol surfaces mounted on an insulating surface of the symbol wheels. A photographic image reproduction is likewise applicable and has the advantage of permitting a iurther increase in operating speed.

A recording system of the latter type is represented by Figure '2. A number of symbol wheels 0! are mounted for rotation about a common rectilinear axis 80 and driven by respective magnetic drives 91 designed and operative in accordance with the magnets in Figs. 1 and 2. Each magnet 01 is connected to the mains X and Y of an energizing line through control devices, here schematically represented by a key K, in a manner similar to th preceding examples of the invention. A partition 08 covers the symbol wheels The drum 85 is covered button comparable to that denoted by S in Fig. 1. Jontact l0I connects a condenser I08 across the mains X and Y as long as the switch S is inoperative. Hence, the condenser I08 is charged during successive actuations of the switch. After the completion of a change in the line of symbols, the operator actuates the switch 8 and thereby connects the condenser Hi8 temporarily across the lamp W5 causing it to ilash and to expose the strip I00. Thus an image of the complete line is produced virtually instantaneously. At the same time, the contact )9 connects the magnet I05 across X and Y. When switch 8 is released, 1. e., after the illumination has flashed, the magnet becomes deenergized so that the strip I00 is advanced and then ready for the next recording operation.

The operating speed of such a device is extremely high even in comparison with the other embodiments described previously. The photographic system permits also any desired reduction or enlargement of the recorded image as compared with the size of the symbols on the symbol wheels. When using reduced records, a very large amount of notations can be stored within small space, although a subsequent enlargement may be needed when studying the record.

WhatIclaim is:

1. Apparatus for recording indications composed of a multiplicity of symbols, comprising a supporting structure, manually controllabl exhiblting means disposed on said structure for producing a copy of the indication to be recorded and including a circula group of indicating devices each having selective symbol means operative to place a selected symbol into a given reference position sequentially arranged on a circle with the positions of said other devices so that the simultaneously selected symbols form together a single composite notation, a recorder having a recording sheet and drive means for advancing said sheet, scanning means mounted on said structure within said circle and connected with said recorder for causing it to record an image oI-said notation, and manually controllable startstop means for controlling said recorder and scanning means so as to record a single image of a complete notation for each actuation of said exhibiting means.

2. Apparatus for recording indications composed of a multiplicity of symbols, comprising manually controllable exhibiting means disposed for producing a copy or the indication to be recorded and including a group of juxtaposed indicating devices each being provided with a series of diflerent symbols and being operative to place a selected symbol into a given reference position, said devices being located one aside the other in a substantially circular group so that said reference positions are adjacent to one another along a substantially circular line, a recorder having means for accommodating a recording sheet and means for producing thereon an image of the totality of symbols located in said Dositlons at a time, control means for operating said recorder intermittently in orde to produce a sinale image ata time, intermittent drive means forming part or said'recorder for advancing said sheet, and. means controlling said drive means in dependence upon hibiting means '3. Apparatus for recording indications composed of a multiplicity of symbols, comprising exhibiting means disposed for producing a copy oi the indication to be recorded and including a circular group oi rotatable indicating members cachhaving a group of symbols on its peripheral suri'ace and drive means for selectively-adjusting the rotary position oi each member independently or said other members, a substantially cylindric partition positioned concentrically within said circular group and having aligned openings in front of said members respectively so that at a time, only one of the symbols of each member is behind the appertaining opening, recording apparatus having means for accommodating a recording sheet, and scanning means disposed subthe operation or said exstantially on the axis of said cylindric partition and connected to said recording apparatus for causing it to produce on said sheet an image of the symbols simultaneously located behind said openings, and intermittent control means for actuating said scanning means and recording apparatus to produce the image of a complete single line of symbols during each actuation.

4. A recording system comprising, in combination, a substantially circular group of symbol wheels each carrying a row of diiierent symbols on its peripheral surface and extending substantially radially to said group, an electromagnetic mechanism associated with each of said wheels for adjusting it to a selected angular position, electric impulse transmitting scanning means positioned centrally or said group, drive means connected with said scanning means for rotating and axially displacing them relatively to said group so as to cause said device to scan the adjacent circular line of symbols during a given number of rotations, and synchronous recording means oi the facsimile recorder typ connected with said scanning means for producing an image or said line of symbols.

5. A'recording system comprising, in combination, a substantially circular group oi symbol wheels each carrying a row or diflerent symbols on its peripheral cylinder nurses and extending substantialb radially to said group, an

to scan said line during a given number oi rotations, and a facsimile recorder synchronized with said drive and controlled by said scanning device for producing a record of the symbols of said line.

6. A- recording system comprising, in combination, a substantially circular group of symbol wheels each carrying a row of different symbols on-its peripheral cylindrical surface and extending substantially radially to said group, an

electromagnetic mechanism associated with each a of said wheels for adjusting it to a selected angular position, an impulse transmitting scanning device having a photo-cell arranged in the center of said group of wheels for scanning a circular line of symbols along an inner periphery 01 said group, said device being provided with drive means for rotating and axially displacing said cell so as to complete the scanning bols on its peripheral cylinder surface and exelectromagnetic mechanism associated with each oi said wheels for adjusting it to a selected angular position, a photo-electric scanning device having'a seaming point focused on a circular tending substantially radially to said group, an electromagnetic mechanism associated with each or said wheels for adjusting it to a selected angular position, an impulse transmitting scanning device having a photo-cell arranged coaxially to said group of wheels and a mirror for focusing said cell onto a circular line of symbols along an inner periphery of said group, said mirror being rotatable about the axis of said group and angularly displaceable about a pivot transverse to said axis, drive means formin part of said device for rotating and angularly displacing said mirror so as to scan said line duringa given number oi rotations, and a facsimile recorder synchronized withsaid drive and controlled by said scanning device for producing a record of the symbols of said line.

8. A recording system comprising, in combination, a substantially circular group ot symbol wheels each carrying a row or different symbols on its peripheral cylinder surface and elotending substantially radially to said group, an electromagnetic mechanism associated with each of said wheels for adjusting it to a selected angular position, an impulse transmitting scanning device having a light source and. a photo-- cell arranged near the center of said group of wheels, said light source .being provided with means for illuminating a scanning point located on a circular series of symbols along an inner periphery oi said wheel group and said photocell being positioned to react on reflected light oi said scanning point, said device comprising drive means for rotating and axially displacing said photo-cell and light source so that said point scans said series 0! symbols during a given number of rotations, and a facsimile recorder synchronized with said drive and controlled by said scanning device for producing a record or the symbols of said line.

9. A recor ng system comprising, in combination, a group or juxtaposed indicating devices each having a rotar member provided with a row or diiierent symbols and electric means for rotating said member so as to place a selected symbol into a reference position aligned with the mpective reference positions or said other member, an, electric impulse transmitting device having revolvable scanningmeansandadrive imparting a spiral motion to said so as to scan said line of semeehanism to operate in synchroscanning means and electrically er latter to be controlled by the v of said transmitting device.

up of juxtaposed indicating derotary member provided with symbols and electric means mber so as to place a selected nee position aligned with the c positions or said other memti ansmitting device havmeans and o,

means transversely thereof o during a given plurality rec rding apparatus having opined with said rescission surface member synchronized "vessel motion for producing en su. r of symbols.

' g apparatus for facsimile re a substantially circular group corners,

system comprising, in comessence of symbol wheels each carrying a row of dinerent symbols on its peripheral cylinder surface and extending substantially radially to said group, electric control means associated with each of said wheels for rotating it so as to place a selected symbol on the inner peripher of said wheel group, and photo-electric impulse transmitting means disposed substantially within said inner periphery for scanning the line or selected symbols.

12. A transmitting apparatus comprising a substantially circular c symbol wheels each carrying a. row symbols on its peripheral cylinder sucrose and extending substantially radially to said group, means associated with each of said wheels for adjusting it to a selected angular position, impulse transmitting means for scanning a line of symbols along an inner periphery of said roup, drive means for rotating and angularly displacing said scanning means so as to scan said line during a. given number of rotations and a circuit for controlling said drive means, said circuit containing contact means for energizing said drive means and a limit switch operative upon completion of said number of rotations to stop said drive means.

GEORGE KEINA'I'H. 

